Abstract
Background
Good sleep is essential for children’s healthy growth. In 2005, we conducted a questionnaire
survey on children’s sleep habits and their background, targeting parents who attended
health checkups for their 3-year-old children in Asahikawa City, Hokkaido. In 2020,
we performed a secondary survey, including additional questions regarding media usage.
We analyzed changes in children’s sleep environment by comparing the results of both
surveys.
Methods
Children from 500 families (n = 420; 219 males, 201 females; mean age, 3.6 years)
who underwent 3.5-year-old health checkups (per the changed schedule in 2015) in Asahikawa
City from July 2020 to November 2020 and their parents who had completely answered
the questionnaire were included.
Results
The proportion of children who used childcare support system such as nursery schools
or kindergarten increased from 30% in the previous survey to 95% in the present survey.
The mean nocturnal sleep duration of children was 9.33 h in the present survey, 0.77 h
shorter than that in the previous survey; similar to the previous survey results,
it was significantly short (8.71 h) in children who went to bed after 10 PM. Moreover,
it was significantly short in children who watched television for more than two hours
or used media within two hours before going to bed or if parents used smartphones
or watched motion pictures for >30 min/day. The rate of consulting pediatricians regarding
sleep problems decreased from 3% to 2.4%.
Conclusion
Parents’ lifestyles greatly influenced children’s sleep habits in 2020. Pediatricians
should actively participate in managing children’s sleep problems.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Brain and DevelopmentAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Sleep function: Toward elucidating an enigma.Sleep Med Rev. 2016; 28: 46-54
- Multilevel interactions of stress and circadian system: Implications for traumatic stress.Front Psychiatry. 2020; 10: 1003
- Neural circuitry of wakefulness and sleep.Neuron. 2017; 93: 747-765
- Socioeconomic disadvantage and sleep in early childhood: Real-world data from a mobile health application.Sleep Health. 2021; 7: 143-152
- Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in the early years (0–4 years old).BMC Public Health. 2017; 17: 855
- Associations between sleep duration patterns and behavioral/cognitive functioning at school entry.Sleep. 2007; 30: 1213-1219
- Impact of sleep extension and restriction on children’s emotional lability and impulsivity.Pediatrics. 2012; 130: e1155-e1161
- Sleep development in preschool predicts executive functioning in early elementary school.Adv Child Dev Behav. 2021; 60: 159-178
- Cross-cultural differences in infant and toddler sleep.Sleep Med. 2010; 11: 274-280
- Questionnaire survey on sleep habit of 3-year-old children in Asahikawa City.No To Hattatsu. 2008; 40 (Japanese): 370-374
Japan Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office, White Paper on gender equality 2020 [Internet]. Samples of formatted references for authors of journal articles [cited 2022 Aug 13]. Available from: https://www.gender.go.jp/about_danjo/whitepaper/r02/gaiyou/index.html [Japanese].
- Sleep duration from infancy to adolescence: reference values and generation trends.Pediatrics. 2003; 111: 302-307
- The family context of toddler sleep: Routines, sleep environment, and emotional security induction in the hour before bedtime.Behav Sleep Med. 2021; 19: 795-813
- Parents’ instrumental use of media in childrearing: relationships with confidence in parenting, and health and conduct problems in children.J Child Fam Stud. 2019; 531–46
Japan Pediatric Association, Enlightment for media usage by children. [Internet]. Samples of formatted references for authors of journal articles [cited 2022 Aug 13]. Available from: https://www.jpa-web.org/information/sumaho.html[Japanese].
- Television viewing and child cognition in a longitudinal birth cohort in Singapore: The role of maternal factors.BMC Pediatr. 2019; 19: 286
- Effects of television exposure on developmental skills among young children.Infant Behav Dev. 2015; 38: 20-26
- The use of entertain technologies before sleep could affect sleep and weight status: A population-based study among children.Int J behave Nutr Phys Act. 2017; 14: 97
- Increased sensitivity of the circadian system to light in early/mid-puberty.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 100: 4067-4073
- Youth screen media habits and sleep: sleep-friendly screen behavior recommendations for clinicians, educators, and parents.Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2018; 27: 229-245
- Daily television exposure, parent conversation during shared television viewing and socioeconomic status: Associations with curiosity at kindergarten.PLoS One. 2021; 16: e0258572
- Effective coviewing: Preschoolers’ learning from video after a dialogic questioning intervention.Dev Psychol. 2013; 49: 2368-2382
- Toddlers’ self-regulated compliance to mothers, caregivers, and fathers: Implications for theories of socialization.Dev Psychol. 2003; 39: 680-692
- Impact of parents’ mobile devise use on parent-child interaction: A literature review.Comput Hum Behav. 2017; 75: 579-593
- Infants’ physiological and behavioral reactivity to maternal mobile phone use- a experimental study.Comput Hum Behav. 2022; 127107038
- New evidence for an association between the CSF HVA:5-HIAA ratio and psychopathic trait.J Neurol Neurosurg Pshychiatry. 2003; 74: 918-921
- Sleep problems and depressive symptoms in toddlers and 8-year-old children: A longitudinal study.J Sleep Res. 2021; 30: e13150
- Assessment and treatment of common pediatric sleep disorders.Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2010; 7: 24-37
- Common sleep disorders in children.Am Fam Physician. 2014; 89: 368-377
- Benefits of bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development and beyond.Sleep Med Rev. 2018; 40: 93-108
- Bedtime routines for young children: A dose-dependent association with sleep outcomes.Sleep. 2015; 38: 717-722
- Parent knowledge of children’s sleep: A systematic review.Sleep Med Rev. 2017; 31: 39-47
- An interactive smartphone app, Nenne Navi, for improving children’s sleep: pilot usability study.JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2020; 3: e22102
- Sleep disturbance in children with autism spectrum disorder at a Malaysian tertiary hospital.Front Pediatr. 2021; 8608242
- Digital media and autism spectrum disorders: Review of evidence, theoretical concerns, and opportunities for intervention.J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2019; 40: 364-368
Japan Productivity Center, White Paper on leisure 2021 [Internet]. Samples of formatted references for authors of journal articles [cited 2022 Aug 13]. Available from: https://www.jcp-net.jp/research/detail/004580.html.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 17, 2023
Accepted:
January 31,
2023
Received in revised form:
January 12,
2023
Received:
October 20,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. All rights reserved.
