Abstract
Subject
This study aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Child’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire
(CSHQ-J) and identify which factors affect the CHSQ-J total score.
Methods
The participants were 3158 children (aged 4–12 years) and their parent/guardian, as
community samples from large, medium-sized, and small cities. Each parent/guardian
filled in the questionnaire set (CSHQ-J, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, demographic
data: family structure, sleep environment, participants’ present illness, and economic
information); we also collected 51 clinical samples from our facility to calculate
the cutoff score. According to the age of the participants in the original CSHQ (4–10 years),
validation was assessed statistically via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses
and internal consistency (verified by Cronbach’s α). Multivariate analysis was conducted
to identify factors affecting the CSHQ-J total score.
Results
We received responses from 2687 participants (response rate: 85%) and analyzed 1688
participants who were the age of the original CSHQ participants. The alpha coefficients
of each subscale of the CSHQ-J ranged from 0.43 to 0.68. The cutoff score was 48 (sensitivity:
0.69, specificity: 0.79). The confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses did not
converge. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors that significantly influenced
the CSHQ-J total score were co-sleeping, supplemental sleep, and child’s age. Present
illness, especially adenoids, also significantly influenced CSHQ total score.
Conclusions
The CSHQ-J has adequate internal consistency and is useful for screening for pediatric
sleep disorders. Supplemental sleep, habit of co-sleeping, and child’s age should
be considered when using the CSHQ-J as a screening tool for sleep problems in children.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 30, 2022
Accepted:
June 12,
2022
Received in revised form:
May 5,
2022
Received:
October 12,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
