Abstract
Failure of executive function (EF) is a core symptom of attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). However, various results have been reported and sufficient evidence
is lacking. In the present study, we evaluated the characteristics of children with
ADHD using the Stroop task (ST) and reverse Stroop task (RST) that reflects the inhibition
function of EF. We compared children with ADHD, typically developing children (TDC),
and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is more difficult to discriminate
from ADHD. A total of 10 children diagnosed with ADHD, 15 TDC, and 11 children diagnosed
with ASD, all matched by age, sex, language ability, and intelligence quotient, participated
in this study. While each subject performed computer-based ST and RST with a touch
panel, changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) were measured in the prefrontal cortex
(PFC) by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to correlate test performance with neural
activity. Behavioral performance significantly differed among 3 groups during RST
but not during ST. The ADHD group showed greater color interference than the TDC group.
In addition, there was a negative correlation between right lateral PFC (LPFC) activity
and the severity of attention deficit. Children with ADHD exhibit several problems
associated with inhibition of color, and this symptom is affected by low activities
of the right LPFC. In addition, it is suggested that low hemodynamic activities in
this area are correlated with ADHD.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 15, 2013
Accepted:
January 9,
2013
Received in revised form:
January 8,
2013
Received:
December 5,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
