Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies involve normalization so that
the brains of different subjects can be described using the same coordinate system.
However, standard brain templates, including the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI)
template that is most frequently used at present, were created based on the brains
of Western adults. Because morphological characteristics of the brain differ by race
and ethnicity and between adults and children, errors are likely to occur when data
from the brains of non-Western individuals are processed using these templates. Therefore,
this study was conducted to collect basic data for the creation of a Japanese pediatric
standard brain. Participants in this study were 45 healthy children (contributing
65 brain images) between the ages of 6 and 9 years, who had nothing notable in their perinatal and other histories and neurological
findings, had normal physical findings and cognitive function, exhibited no behavioral
abnormalities, and provided analyzable MR images. 3D-T1-weighted images were obtained
using a 1.5-T MRI device, and images from each child were adjusted to the reference
image by affine transformation using SPM8. The lengths were measured and compared
with those of the MNI template. The Western adult standard brain and the Japanese
pediatric standard brain obtained in this study differed greatly in size, particularly
along the anteroposterior diameter and in height, suggesting that the correction rates
are high, and that errors are likely to occur in the normalization of pediatric brain
images. We propose that the use of the Japanese pediatric standard brain created in
this study will improve the accuracy of identification of brain regions in functional
brain imaging studies involving children.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 06, 2012
Accepted:
April 30,
2012
Received in revised form:
April 23,
2012
Received:
June 24,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
