Abstract
A research committee supported by the Japanese government conducted a nationwide survey
on the epidemiology of acute encephalopathy in Japan using a questionnaire. A total
of 983 cases reportedly had acute encephalopathy during the past 3 years, 2007–2010. Among the pathogens of the preceding infection, influenza virus
was the most common, followed by human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and rotavirus. Among
syndromes of acute encephalopathy, acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and
late reduced diffusion (AESD) was the most frequent, followed by clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy
with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS), acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) and
hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES). Influenza virus was strongly
associated with ANE and MERS, HHV-6 with AESD, and rotavirus with MERS. Mortality
was high in ANE and HSES, but was low in AESD, MERS and HHV-6-associated encephalopathy.
Neurologic sequelae were common in AESD and ANE, but were absent in MERS.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 19, 2011
Accepted:
July 30,
2011
Received in revised form:
July 27,
2011
Received:
April 19,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
