Abstract
The objective of this study is to correlate regional cerebral blood concentration
measurements made with near infrared spectroscopy to simultaneous local measurements
of ultrasound contrast agent (CA) densitometry. Experiments were performed with piglets
(7 kg) under general anesthesia. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) and volume (CBV) were
changed by inducing various degrees of hypercapnia. NIRS measurements were performed
with a quasi-continuous wave system, using an optode distance of 3–6 cm. The concentration changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin and their
sum and difference (cO2Hb, cHHb, ctHb, cHbD) were continuously calculated. Ultrasound contrast agent (SF6) was administered as a short intra-venous bolus. Ultrasound equipment was used in
pulse inversion second harmonic gray scale imaging mode at low transmit power setting.
Three regions-of-interest (0.25 cm2) were analyzed in each image. Wash-in curves were constructed as spatial mean gray
level vs. time. The variables collected with both methods changed according to the
induced changes in the physiological condition. Changes in the PaCO2, pH and carotid flow induced highly correlated changes in cO2Hb, cHHb, ctHb and cHbD, and in the variables derived from CA analyses. NIRS and CA
methods measure regional, respectively, local changes in CBV and CBF. Moreover, NIRS
can yield complementary information about the cerebral oxygenation.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
AUTC (area-under-the-curve of contrast wash-in curve), CA (contrast agent), cHbD (difference between concentration of O2Hb and HHb), cHHb (concentration deoxygenated hemoglobine), cO2Hb (concentration oxygenated hemoglobine), CO (cardiac output), ctHb (total concentration hemogolbine), CBF(I) (cerebral blood flow (index)), CBV(I) (cerebral blood volume (index)), CV (circulating (blood) volume), EEG (electroencephalography), GLp (gray level peak value of contrast wash-in curve), HR (heart rate), MI (mechanical index of ultrasound equipment), MABP (Mean arterial blood pressure), NICU (neonatal intensive care unit), NIRS (near infrared spectroscopy), PaCO2 (arterial CO2 pressure), PaO2 (arterial O2 pressure), Qcar (carotid artery blood volume flow), ROI (region-of-interest), SaO2 (arterial O2 saturation), USL (up slope of contrast wash-in curve)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
October 25,
2004
Received in revised form:
October 25,
2004
Received:
August 12,
2004
Identification
Copyright
© 2004 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
