Abstract
Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a type of benign childhood partial epilepsy, which
has a good prognosis despite the fact that it is frequently associated with abundant
multifocal spikes on the electroencephalography (EEG). We investigated whether stable
dipoles, as seen in rolandic epilepsy, were also present in PS. We performed dipole
analysis of the interictal spike discharges seen in the interictal EEGs of eight children
with PS. We chose more than 10 spikes for each kind of spike, and investigated whether
or not more than three of these spikes showed consistently stable dipole locations.
(1) We observed 15 different kinds of spikes in various regions in the EEGs of the
eight children. (2) Twelve of the 15 kinds of spikes had dipoles with a high goodness
of fit. Furthermore, 14 of the 15 spikes had stable dipoles with similar locations
for more than three individual spikes. (3) Fourteen of the 15 spikes, including frontal
spikes, showed dense dipole locations in the mesial occipital area. Thirteen of these
14 spikes also showed other dipole locations in the rolandic area and/or the vertex
(Cz). Our study revealed that the various types of spikes observed in PS have similar
and stable dipole locations. The dipoles showing high stability, were located in the
mesial occipital area, and were accompanied by dipoles located in the rolandic area.
The stability and location of these dipoles indicate that there may be a pathogenetic
link between PS and rolandic epilepsy.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Brain and DevelopmentAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: a 15-year prospective study.Ann Neurol. 1989; 26: 51-56
- Early-onset benign childhood occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome: a syndrome to recognize.Epilepsia. 1999; 40: 621-630
- Panayiotopoulos syndrome—a common and benign childhood epileptic syndrome. John Libbey, London2002
- Panayiotopoulos syndrome—a common benign but underdiagnosed and unexplored early childhood seizure syndrome.Br Med J. 2002; 324: 1228-1229
- Clinical and electroencephalographic correlation of independent multifocal spike discharges.Neurology. 1976; 26: 667-672
- Atlas of pediatric electroencephalography. Lippincott/Raven, Philadelphia1999
- Noninvasive localization of epileptogenic foci by EEG source modeling.Epilepsia. 2000; 41: S24-S33
- Multimodal estimation of epileptic foci with dipole.Brain Topogr. 1996; 9: 51-58
- Dipole tracing in childhood epilepsy with special reference to rolandic epilepsy.Brain Topogr. 1992; 4: 193-199
- Benign childhood partial epilepsies: benign childhood seizure susceptibility syndromes.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1993; 56: 2-5
- Panayiotopoulous-type benign childhood occipital epilepsy: a prospective study.Neurology. 2000; 55: 1096-1100
- EEG in children with early-onset benign occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome: Panayiotopolulos syndrome.Epilepsia. 2003; 44: 435-442
- Stability of source estimates in rolandic spikes.Brain Topogr. 1989; 2: 31-36
- Dipole localization from identification of neuronal generators in independent neighboring interictal EEG spike foci.Epilepsia. 2001; 42: 483-490
- A new type of epilepsy: benign partial epilepsy of childhood with occipital spike-waves.Clin Electroencephalogr. 1982; 13: 13-22
- Dipole source analysis may differentiate benign focal epilepsy of childhood with occipital paroxysms from symptomatic occipital lobe epilepsy.Brain Topogr. 1997; 10: 115-120
- Clinical and electroencephlographic findings in early and late onset benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms.Brain Dev. 2001; 23: 401-405
- The incidences, significance and natural history of spike foci in children.in: Henry C.E. Current clinical neurophysiology. Elsevier, Amsterdam1980: 151-175
- Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a common and benign childhood epilepsy.Lancet. 2001; 357: 821-823
- Idiopathic partial epilepsy: electroclinical demonstration of a prolonged seizure with sequential rolanidic and occipital involvement: seizure spread due to regional susceptibility?.Epileptic Disord. 1999; 1: 35-40
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 23,
2004
Received in revised form:
April 20,
2004
Received:
December 30,
2003
Identification
Copyright
© 2004 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
